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The reverse side, the dark side perhaps, of analyzing what we are hearing is to understand and classify the many ways that the result of the information transformation from the electrical domain to the acoustical domain [i.e. the sound we are hearing] differs from perfection. To talk about how a component differs from perfection, rather than how great it sounds. To talk about flaws. This is only useful if the number of flaws is small - there is only one way to do something right, and unaccountably many to do them wrong [sometimes I think the internet isn't big enough to describe all the flaws in some systems, and I'm certainly too lazy to try... ergo the Flaw Categorization scheme below]. Usually people just measure frequency response: how the 1st order of dynamic information differs from what it should be for a given frequency. There is a heckuva lot more to enjoyable sound reproduction than this. Types of flaws: Dynamic, Timing or Harmonic. Magnitude of flaw. How large, how egregious, is the flaw. Linearity/Proportionality: Is a flaw in the correct proportion to the flaw elsewhere in the musical stream. Elsewhere in the frequency spectrum. Elsewhere in the dynamic spectrum (louder/ softer). Elsewhere in the complexity spectrum [when lots of notes are happening at once] Non-linear flaws call attention to themselves much more than linear flaws. They make the music Suffice it to say here that, when listening analytically or otherwise, emotional responses complete the feedback loop. If something doesn't sound 'good', that means we are reacting emotionally [negatively] to it. That there are flaws afoot. If one cares to, and the system is not completely useless, one can listen more deeply and find out WHY the sound is flawed.

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